addition and condensation polymerization examples

A condensation polymerization is a process that involves repeated condensation reactions between two different bi-functional or tri-functional monomers. In addition polymerisation, the monomers must have a C=C double bond. The following diagrams show Addition Polymerisation (Polyethene) and Condensation Polymerisation (Polyamide, Polyester). Chemical reaction - Chemical reaction - Polymerization reactions: Polymers are high-molecular-weight compounds, fashioned by the aggregation of many smaller molecules called monomers. H2O 22 Condensation Examples. Different molecules are used as catalysts in the process of condensation polymerization. Polyesters are formed by the reactions between a carboxylic acid containing two carboxyl functional groups and an alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups. 1 In the case of a condensation reaction, two monomers combine with the loss of a small molecule, usually an alcohol, a water or an acid molecule, whereas an addition reaction involves only the rearrangement of the electrons of a double bond to form a single bond with another molecule. The polymerization of nylon: •For condensation polymerization to occur, monomers must be bifunctional, meaning they have In addition polymerization, Lewis acids, Lewis bases, and radical initiators are used as catalysts. Condensation polymers form more slowly than addition polymers, often requiring heat, and they are generally lower in molecular weight. An addition polymer is a polymer that forms by simple linking of monomers without the co-generation of other products. The reaction is shown in the graphic on the left. 1.Discuss the differences between condensation and addition polymerization. Addition polymerization Vs. Condensation Polymerization Explanation: polymerization is a process or phenomenon in which a large number of small molecules are combined to form a big or macromolecule. Examples of condensation polymers are Nylon 66, terylene, bakelite, and alkylresins. Notice how every other carbon must have a chlorine attached. In condensation polymerization, any molecule can react with any molecules at any given time. Addition polymerization is the process of adding monomer units so that the resulting chain is a perfect sum of all the atoms in the monomers. What is polymerization? For example, nylon – 66 is obtained by the condensation of two monomers - hexa methylenediamine and adipic acid with the loss of water molecules. these small molecules are known as building blocks and called as monomers. 2. Condensation polymerisation Different monomers add to form a polymer with same molecular formula of the repeating structural unit as that of starting monomer. Condensation Polymerization Monomers combine to form a polymer and a bi-product. Ziegler-Natta polymerization of ethylene The Ziegler-Natta polymerization of ethyleneEthylene gas is pumped under pressure into a reaction vessel, where it polymerizes under the influence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the presence of a solvent. Example 1 Nylon 6,6; Note The nomenclature for nylon is based on the number of carbon atoms in each of the two monomers that make up the nylon molecules. Condensation polymerization We have previously seen addition polymerization, where a double bond in a monomer is broken and used to form connect one monomer to another, progressively forming very long chain molecules. Definition: Condensation is a reaction … In commercial addition and condensation polymerization processes reactor design is an important factor for the quality and economics of the polymer. Polyesters are examples of a polymers produced from condensation polymerisation. Ethane diol: – silicones created by polymerisation by condensation; – silicones created by polymerisation by poly-addition. For example, ethane diol and hexanedioic acid undergo condensation polymerisation to form a polyester. Scroll down the page for more examples and explanations. The main difference between addition and condensation polymerization is that in former the polymers are formed by the addition of monomers with no by-products while in the latter polymers are formed due to the condensation of two different monomers resulting in the formation of by-products. Polymerization - polymerization reactions . The following diagrams show Biological Polymers (Amino Acids, Proteins, Glucose, Starch). Scroll down the page for more examples and explanations. In condensation polymerisation, a small molecule is formed as a by-product each time a bond is formed between two monomers. Belonging to the 1 st generation of silicones, polymers obtained through polymerisation by condensation have elasticity, hardness and safety properties that are not ideal. There are 4 types of addition polymerization reaction: Radical polymerization in which the initiating species (Z*) is a radical while the site of reactivity (*) is a carbon radical. The plastics that have so changed society and the natural and synthetic fibres used in clothing are polymers. Some polymers are made via condensation polymerisation. Other Addition Polymers. Scroll down the page for more examples and explanations. Condensation polymers form more slowly than addition polymers, often requiring heat, and they are generally lower in molecular weight. Condensation polymerization: This type of reaction involves the repetitive condensation between two bi-functional monomers. 23 Condensation Examples Type of Polymerization Monomers undergo polymerizaton by two types. The terminal functional groups on a chain remain active, so that groups of shorter chains combine into longer chains in the late stages of polymerization. This summing distinguishes addition polymerization from condensation polymerization in which small molecules are eliminated as the monomers are assembled in … Chain addition polymerization also referred to as chain-growth polymerization technique is a chain reaction in which the growth of a polymer chain proceeds exclusively by reaction(s) between monomers(s) and active site(s) on the polymer chain with regeneration of the active site(s) at the end of each growth step. Polymerization reactions are the set of chemical reactions in which an initiator or hardener monomer active other monomer starting a chain reaction which forms the polymer.. Addition polymerization differs from condensation polymerization, which does co-generate a product, usually water. They are: • Addition or chain polymerization • Condensation or step polymerization Introduction to Polymers 12 13. Condensation mechanism refers to combining of smaller molecules to obtain larger molecules. PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which is found in plastic wrap, simulated leather, water pipes, and garden hoses, is formed from vinyl chloride (H 2 C=CHCl). • Condensation polymers are made from two different monomers. Molecular weight of addition polymers is integral multiple of monomer’s molecular weight. Condensation Examples. Some important examples of these substances are discussed in the following sections.There are two general types of polymerization reactions: addition polymerization and condensation polymerization. The terminal functional groups on a chain remain active, so that groups of shorter chains combine into longer chains in the late stages of polymerization. Both linear and cross-linked polymers can be made by either addition or condensation polymerization. Addition Polymerization Condensation Polymerization Describe what is meant by a condensation polymer. The addition-condensation system Addition polymers are those formed from monomers without the loss of a … Give below in a tabular column is the difference between addition and condensation polymerization. Step-growth polymerizations can be divided into two lasses: condensation and addition polymerization. The polymerization process takes place in three distinct steps: 1. There are three distinct steps in the addition polymerization … The key difference between addition and radical polymerization is that the addition polymerization occurs via the addition of unsaturated monomers whereas the radical polymerization occurs via the addition of free radicals.. Polymerization is the process of producing a polymer using a large number of monomers. Nylon- Its a di acid plus a diamine and it yields a polyamide ; HOOC(CH2)4 COOH H2N (CH2)6 NH2. 3.What is interfacial polymerization? Examples of addition polymers include polyethylene, polystyrene, PVC etc. Characteristics of Condensation silicones. The following diagrams show Addition Polymerisation (Polyethene) and Condensation Polymerisation (Polyamide, Polyester). 2.What requirement should be provided to achieve high yield and high molecular weight of polymer by condensation reaction? Each time a bond forms between monomers, small molecules, such as water, ammonia, or HCl are “condensed” out. Addition polymerisation produces addition polymers through the addition of olefinic monomers without the formation of any by-product. Condensation Polymers 1. In addition polymerization (sometimes called chain-growth polymerization), a chain reaction adds new monomer units to the growing polymer molecule one at a time through double or triple bonds in the monomer. Differences Between Addition Polymerization and Condensation Polymerization Condensation polymers are formed by polycondensation, when the polymer is formed by condensation reactions between species of all degrees of polymerization, or by condensative chain polymerization, when the polymer is formed by sequential addition (by condensation reaction) of monomers to an active site in a chain reaction. In addition polymerization , the monomers add to one another in such a way that the polymer contains all the atoms of the starting monomers. 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